Edmonton Social Planning Council

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  • Blog: Space for Mental Health in Social Policy

    [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.19.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_row column_structure=”3_4,1_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” width=”100%” custom_margin=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” border_width_bottom=”1px” border_color_bottom=”#a6c942″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_post_title meta=”off” featured_image=”off” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”||||||||” custom_margin=”||3px|||” border_color_bottom=”#a6c942″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/et_pb_post_title][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_image src=”https://edmontonsocialplanning.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/COLOUR-BLOCKS_spaced-300×51.png” title_text=”COLOUR BLOCKS_spaced” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.7.7″ _module_preset=”default” max_width=”100%” max_height=”75px” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”10px|0px|20px|0px|false|false” global_module=”96648″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”3_4,1_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” make_equal=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” width=”100%” custom_margin=”0px|auto|0px|auto|false|false” custom_padding=”30px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _dynamic_attributes=”content” _module_preset=”default” text_font=”|600|||||||” text_text_color=”#2b303a” custom_padding=”||32px|||” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9kYXRlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJkYXRlX2Zvcm1hdCI6ImRlZmF1bHQiLCJjdXN0b21fZGF0ZV9mb3JtYXQiOiIifX0=@[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.20.0″ text_text_color=”#2b303a” text_line_height=”1.6em” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#008ac1″ header_2_font_size=”24px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” text_orientation=”justified” width=”100%” module_alignment=”left” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”25px||||false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

    Over the years, mental health has become part of the daily conversation for many, and there is a need for social policies that create collaboration space to improve human well-being. 

    By Eanimi Deborah Agube, ESPC Volunteer

     

    Introduction 

    Although the term Mental Health has become more popular and acceptable today, there is still a need for awareness on implementing initiatives, procedures and policies. Social policies on mental health work to improve human well-being and contribute to better and more healthy communities.  These social policies ensure funding and collaboration opportunities to address access to the need for Mental Health services without discrimination. Many Mental Health initiatives are centred around communities for services, funding and support. However, “engaging community members in localized actions for well-being does not remove from governments’ responsibilities to provide high-quality social services” (Fisher, 2022, pp. 567–581).

    Why is this important? 

    The conversations around Mental Health are becoming more about action and awareness since the COVID-19 pandemic; there has been an increased observation on mental health individuals and organizations have become more aware of the need for mental health initiatives. It is reported that insurance companies paid out $580 million in mental health claims in 2022, a 75 percent increase from 2019 (O’Hara, 2022). This increase in awareness and action is also shown in a study by the Alberta Medical Association that noted that 70 percent of parents in Alberta said their children’s mental health was worse since the pandemic (Smith, 2022).  

    Mental Health concerns have indeed existed long before the pandemic, as it is noted that “one in five adult Canadians will have a mental disorder in their lives” (Canadian Mental Health Association, 2023). However, the pandemic brought about a higher rise in awareness. The reality of so many Canadians surviving mental health issues makes it crucial that social policies address mental health in communities. These social policies should be able to manage mental health at all stages, which means including programs like the Provincial Mental Health Diversion. This program is intended to address the criminalization of mental health crises. Social policies around mental health ensure adequate funding, advocacy and mental health awareness. 

    Mental Health and Social Policy in Alberta 

    Organizations like the Canadian Mental Health Association and the Alberta Health Services (AHS) have taken action to advocate for mental health in Alberta. These actions include reviewing the AHS mental health and addictions programs (Bellefontaine, 2023). The logistics of this review are still in progress, as the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions is seeking an outside contractor. The Government of Alberta is also working on a new Alberta model that adopts a recovery-oriented approach and will aid in building six new recovery communities (Government of Alberta, 2023).  

    The province of Alberta continues to take numerous steps to acknowledge the need for better mental health measures and promote better funding for mental health advocacy. For example, the Red Deer News Now reported that in 2022, the Alberta government announced a $3.4 million investment (rdnewsNOW Staff, 2022) to build a Central Alberta Child Advocacy Centre (CACAC). The CACAC provides services to children facing abuse and mental health issues. This investment is part of a framework that collaborates in providing social services.  

    How to get involved? 

    Many communities and groups have taken various steps to continue the conversation around mental health; some of these steps include working with local organizations to provide services that address the different needs of the community. For a more general approach that ensures that the Government of Alberta introduces social policies, the CMHA suggests that members of communities reach out to their MLA to ask for more mental health programs.  (Canadian Mental Health Association, 2021)   

    The Mental health and Addictions advisory council’s recommendation helps the Ministry of Health transform mental health services; this is evident in the recent recovery-oriented system approach. Community members can contact the board to voice suggestions and share experiences highlighting the importance of social services and policies.   

    The CMHA Alberta Division also has multiple mental health programs that are community-based and grassroots-run, including;  

    • Free virtual mental health resources  
    • In-person and virtual community-based peer support for military and first responders  
    • Community events like conferences, fundraising events, conversations and inclusivity support  

    Summary 

    In summary, awareness of mental health and the issues that arises from poor mental health is crucial for the well-being of Canadians. Alberta’s social policies ensure that mental health is not just a buzzword. Social policies ensure that steps are taken to ensure that the issues are being addressed. Mental health conversations and actions continue to be needed in today’s world, and policies are being implemented to ensure that actions are taken to improve citizens’ well-being. While there is evidence of change and implementation of social policies, this is only a journey. 

     

    Eanimi Agube’s interest in working to understand better ways to empower communities and learn more about the challenges faced by marginalized communities has led her to complete her Master’s degree in Community and Regional Planning. In her spare time, she is an avid podcast listener, an aspiring adventurer and an animal lover. 

    References

    Alberta Health Services. (2018). Provincial Mental Health Diversion Program Service Operating Requirement. Calgary: Alberta Health Services. Retrieved from https://www.albertahealthservices.ca/info/Page2767.aspx 

    Bellefontaine, M. (2023). Alberta Health Services to undergo review of mental health, addictions services. CBC. Retrieved from: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/alberta-health-services-to-undergo-review-of-mental-health-addictions-services-1.6736266 

    Canadian Mental Health Association. (2021). Mental Health Must Be Part of the Equation Canadian Mental Health Association. Retrieved from: https://alberta.cmha.ca/news/mental-health-must-be-part-of-the-equation/ 

    Canadian Mental Health Association. (2023). Mental Illness in Canada. Alberta Division Canadian Mental Health Association. Retrieved from: https://alberta.cmha.ca/mental-illness-in-canada/ 

    Fisher, M. (2022). Moving Social Policy from Mental Illness to Public Wellbeing. Journal of Social Policy, pp. 567581. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047279421000866 

    Government of Alberta. (2022). Mental health and addictions advisory council. Government of Alberta. Retrieved from: https://www.alberta.ca/mental-health-and-addiction-advisory-council.aspx 

    Government of Alberta. (2023). The Alberta Model: A Recovery-Oriented System of Care. Government of Alberta. Retrieved from: https://www.alberta.ca/alberta-recovery-oriented-system-of-care.aspx 

    O’Hara, C. (2022). Insurers see leap in claims for mental health services amid pandemic strains. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-insurers-see-leap-in-claims-for-mental-health-services-amid-pandemic/ 

    Red Deer News Now Staff. (2022). Province announces $3.4 million investment for Central Alberta Child Advocacy Centre. Red Deer News Now. Retrieved from: https://rdnewsnow.com/2022/03/01/province-announces-3-4-million-investment-for-central-alberta-child-advocacy-centre/ 

    Smith, K. (2022). More than 70% of teens report worse mental health compared to before COVID: Survey Global News. Retrieved from: https://globalnews.ca/news/8882754/alberta-teens-mental-health-covid-survey/ 

     

     

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                                                                          1. CM: Cultural Competency in Mental Health Services: Perspectives from the Africa Centre

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                                                                            By Amanda Labonte

                                                                             

                                                                            Odion Welch, Mental Health Youth Program Coordinator and Yawa Idi, Program Coordinator Enhancing Gender Equity Program and Program Coordinator of the Counselling Clinic with Africa Centre, engaged in a deep discussion about cultural competence in mental health supports. 

                                                                            Africa Centre serves many people under their mental health programming, Welch and Idi stated the youngest participant currently is around the age of six and the oldest is 67. While Africa Centre’s mental health programming is delivered from a Black lens, their services are not solely limited to the African community or those who are of African descent, recognizing not all Black people identify as African, nor are they all of African descent. Since Black identities are diverse and multifaceted, there are a variety of backgrounds and worldviews that make up these communities. These programs are open to any race, age, or gender identity. 

                                                                            Power of Language 

                                                                            Welch and Idi stated that their approach to mental health and wellness is to work against mental health stigma and try to avoid the use of illness or health disorder language. The focus is to promote the emotional, psychological and social well-being of an individual so they can actively participate in society to their fullest. 

                                                                            Definitions of ‘mental health’ or ‘mental wellness’ are broad. Welch and Idi stated young clients, often want to have discussions about mental health and have an awareness of what depression and/or anxiety mean. For older folks, the language can be different and might focus more on the experience of how mental health support feels good. Welch stated that there are over 210 languages on the continent of Africa and only 32 of those languages have words for mental health, depression or anxiety.  

                                                                            Some newcomers or immigrants who come to Canada may not understand questions like “how is your depression/anxiety” because in their language mental health is not well defined. Instead, practitioners and service providers should use language like ‘what is stressing you out or what is your biggest burden?’ Welch and Idi stated the language used, when fueled by cultural competency, engages a dialogue that is going to improve their mental wellness situation. A conversation can be had with a person and not once mention mental health – yet still engage in a discussion about it. 

                                                                            At the Africa Centre, Idi stated multiple languages are available, removing a barrier of access. She stated something as simple as greeting someone in their language changes the whole therapeutic relationship. Removing the interpreter was also identified as important. This was because previously sometimes the interpreter was a family member. This can be difficult, especially when discussing difficult topics like living in a refugee camp or having experienced trauma. It can be difficult to share fully when you may not want to harm the family member present. 

                                                                              

                                                                            Reducing Stigma around Mental Health 

                                                                            According to Idi, the mental health issues they witness at their clinic affect a person’s ability to participate in society to their fullest. Mental wellness has impacts not only on our emotional selves but also on our physical selves. 

                                                                            Welch explained how using and engaging with organizations like Africa Centre, who are already doing the work is key. Promote programs like Africa Centre’s ArTeMo project, an action based mental health project, where intergenerational folks come together and connect art, mindfulness and mental wellness. A space where mental health and wellness can be discussed without it being obvious contributes to stigma reduction and cultural competency. Welsch and Idi explained that bringing folks into mental health spaces sometimes needs to be different and not a ‘Mental Health 101’.  They explained how most people will not walk into a Mental Health 101 seminar/workshop but are going to engage in an activity they already enjoy with people they already know. 

                                                                            It’s about having empathy. How someone from one place is going to interpret and experience mental health and wellness is going to be different than an experience of someone from somewhere else. Many dynamics can come into play, what language and words are used, gender and family roles, and how that tension can play out when not meeting familial expectations. Welsch explained how rebelling against family expectations is not as common in some cultures.  

                                                                            Welch and Idi stated places that are supposed to be serving the community often have business hours of 9 to 5, but community doesn’t happen strictly within the 9 to 5 schedule. Kids are in school, people are at work, university students – Africa Centre offers counselling hours and programming evenings and weekends, and those spaces fill up quickly.  

                                                                            Welch and Idi stated for a lot of folks, it is about raising everyday awareness and providing accessible resources, it’s about breaking stigma and changing how mental health is implemented. In the end it is not so much about what people say when they leave a program, but more so what they are doing when they leave.   

                                                                            Cultural Intelligence and Cultural Competency 

                                                                            Welch and Idi agreed that one of the biggest and most important pieces of work the Africa Centre does is having cultural intelligence and cultural competency. This extends into the counselling and preventative programs. This ensures that the therapy room is a culturally safe place. 

                                                                            “It is very important to have rigorous cultural competency incorporated with these clinics. There are a lot of Muslims and Christians within the Black and African communities, and that cultural knowledge needs to be understood. Certain behaviours that might be perceived as schizophrenic from a Western perspective, for instance a belief in communicating with spirits or ancestors, are actually cultural or spiritual practices being exhibited. As a consequence, they might be wrongfully admitted to a hospital and prescribed medicine when in reality they are of sound mind.” 

                                                                            People do not recognize how hard it is to become a citizen and the cost is incredible. Between getting educational credentials recognized and English proficiency exams, can create frustration and can be isolating especially when people are here alone. Looking at and recognizing these additional challenges is important.  

                                                                            Africa Centre has a $10 per day daycare that is also culturally intelligent and culturally competent. As well as so many other programs, this helps reduce stressors that contribute to people’s mental wellness. A good mental wellness program looks at all aspects of mental wellness, and that includes providing resources that help reduce stress.  

                                                                            Welch and Idi explained how they and everyone is still learning because “we are not the experts because there is so much to know, you can’t be the expert of all cultures and experiences.” It is the willingness to unlearn every day. 

                                                                            Impacts 

                                                                            The Africa Centre’s program is growing. Idi shared how in the months of January and February there were about 38 appointments at the clinic serving about 10 to 12 people consistently. Now there are 111 appointments a month, and people are proactively reaching out to the clinic. There have been over 400 people through the clinic in 2 years. A clinic that started with part-time hours and is now full-time, where so many more people can be reached.  

                                                                            Welch and Idi shared that research is now being conducted about Black youth and mental health particularly in Alberta.  Much of the available Canadian research on underrepresented communities was from eastern Canada, which does not represent the Alberta experience or resources. Seeing an increase in research will help inform policies and put policies in place such as having the clinic that will help improve the mental health and mental well-being of the community.  

                                                                            If we have saved one person’s life or kept one person in university who might change the world, it’s worth it. We are keeping kids in school, keeping the next generation of policymakers in school, we are saving lives, and creating safe spaces. Lives saved and hearts changed are way more important than any policy change we could ever make. 

                                                                            What Can You Do?  

                                                                            Welsch and Idi stated having organizations look at themselves holistically and bring in anti-racism training or multi-cultural training were paramount because at the end of the day every resource someone accesses impacts their mental health.  They stated organizations need to ask themselves: How can we eliminate degrading experiences and how can we learn and do better? What are we doing to understand cultures? Because that saves lives. They stated organizations need to enhance their capacity internally. 

                                                                            They stated that people need to actively invest in mental health and wellness. Don’t just read the article, get involved in some way, in some capacity. See how you can support the work going on. How you can contribute. What leverage you can bring. If you can’t help maybe, you know someone who can. Investing in anything with mental health. Not only in the communities we serve but, in your communities, as well. As we normalize mental health it benefits everyone. Idi compared it to being like going to a doctor’s appointment, where someone can say “sorry I can’t I have therapy tonight” and that is completely valid and accepted. 

                                                                            Welsch and Idi stated that looking at our language, looking at operating hours, listening to what people are saying and challenging our own perception of what mental health is, and not being afraid to say whatever we are doing existed before us. The kemetic yoga classes were powerful because having folks recognize a form of yoga came from Egypt meant people felt they were connecting to their roots, and this became more meaningful. They stated, we know when discussing mental health that community connection, and culture are key factors in developing self-esteem, resiliency and perseverance. So how can we do that and how can we do that in a safe, kind loving way? 

                                                                            If you or someone you know is in need of mental health supports or if you would like to learn more about Africa Centre: 

                                                                            Counselling  

                                                                            Mental Health Mentorship Program  

                                                                             

                                                                            Note: This is an excerpt from our December 2022 Community Matters, you can read the full publication here

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                                                                              [/et_pb_text][dmpro_button_grid _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/dmpro_button_grid][dmpro_image_hotspot _builder_version=”4.17.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/dmpro_image_hotspot][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false” border_color_left=”#a6c942″ global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_testimonial author=”Posted by:” job_title=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9hdXRob3IiLCJzZXR0aW5ncyI6eyJiZWZvcmUiOiIiLCJhZnRlciI6IiIsIm5hbWVfZm9ybWF0IjoiZGlzcGxheV9uYW1lIiwibGluayI6Im9uIiwibGlua19kZXN0aW5hdGlvbiI6ImF1dGhvcl93ZWJzaXRlIn19@” portrait_url=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9hdXRob3JfcHJvZmlsZV9waWN0dXJlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnt9fQ==@” quote_icon=”off” portrait_width=”125px” portrait_height=”125px” disabled_on=”on|off|off” _builder_version=”4.16″ _dynamic_attributes=”job_title,portrait_url” _module_preset=”default” body_text_color=”#000000″ author_font=”||||||||” author_text_align=”center” author_text_color=”#008ac1″ position_font=”||||||||” position_text_color=”#000000″ company_text_color=”#000000″ background_color=”#ffffff” text_orientation=”center” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”0px|0px|4px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”32px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/et_pb_testimonial][et_pb_text disabled_on=”on|off|off” _builder_version=”4.16″ _dynamic_attributes=”content” _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_text_align=”left” header_text_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0.65)” header_font_size=”20px” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||50px|||” custom_padding=”48px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9jYXRlZ29yaWVzIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiUmVsYXRlZCBjYXRlZ29yaWVzOiAgIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJsaW5rX3RvX3Rlcm1fcGFnZSI6Im9uIiwic2VwYXJhdG9yIjoiIHwgIiwiY2F0ZWdvcnlfdHlwZSI6ImNhdGVnb3J5In19@[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]
                                                                            1. Research Review: Mental Health: A conversation missing black youth

                                                                              [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_row column_structure=”3_4,1_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” width=”100%” custom_margin=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” border_width_bottom=”1px” border_color_bottom=”#a6c942″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_post_title meta=”off” featured_image=”off” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”||||||||” custom_margin=”||3px|||” border_color_bottom=”#a6c942″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/et_pb_post_title][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_image src=”https://edmontonsocialplanning.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/COLOUR-BLOCKS_spaced-300×51.png” title_text=”COLOUR BLOCKS_spaced” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.7.7″ _module_preset=”default” max_width=”100%” max_height=”75px” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”10px|0px|20px|0px|false|false” global_module=”96648″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”3_4,1_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” make_equal=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” width=”100%” custom_margin=”0px|auto|0px|auto|false|false” custom_padding=”30px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _dynamic_attributes=”content” _module_preset=”default” text_font=”|600|||||||” text_text_color=”#2b303a” custom_padding=”||32px|||” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9kYXRlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJkYXRlX2Zvcm1hdCI6ImRlZmF1bHQiLCJjdXN0b21fZGF0ZV9mb3JtYXQiOiIifX0=@[/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=”https://edmontonsocialplanning.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Research-Review-3.pdf” url_new_window=”on” button_text=”Download the Research Review (PDF)” _builder_version=”4.20.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#ffffff” button_bg_color=”#008ac1″ custom_margin=”||19px|||” custom_padding=”||5px|||” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″][/et_pb_button][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.20.0″ text_text_color=”#2b303a” text_line_height=”1.6em” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#008ac1″ header_2_font_size=”24px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” text_orientation=”justified” width=”100%” module_alignment=”left” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”25px||||false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

                                                                              This qualitative report, Access to Mental Health for Black Youths in Alberta (Salami et al.) is reviewed by Eanimi Agube and was published by Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada. 

                                                                              The qualitative research report Access to mental health for Black youths in Alberta explores the issues with access to mental health services and the perception of mental health among the 129 Black-identifying youths between the age of 16 and 30 that participated in the study.

                                                                              [/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false” border_color_left=”#a6c942″ global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_testimonial author=”Posted by:” job_title=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9hdXRob3IiLCJzZXR0aW5ncyI6eyJiZWZvcmUiOiIiLCJhZnRlciI6IiIsIm5hbWVfZm9ybWF0IjoiZGlzcGxheV9uYW1lIiwibGluayI6Im9uIiwibGlua19kZXN0aW5hdGlvbiI6ImF1dGhvcl93ZWJzaXRlIn19@” portrait_url=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9hdXRob3JfcHJvZmlsZV9waWN0dXJlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnt9fQ==@” quote_icon=”off” portrait_width=”125px” portrait_height=”125px” disabled_on=”on|off|off” _builder_version=”4.16″ _dynamic_attributes=”job_title,portrait_url” _module_preset=”default” body_text_color=”#000000″ author_font=”||||||||” author_text_align=”center” author_text_color=”#008ac1″ position_font=”||||||||” position_text_color=”#000000″ company_text_color=”#000000″ background_color=”#ffffff” text_orientation=”center” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”0px|0px|4px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”32px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/et_pb_testimonial][et_pb_text disabled_on=”on|off|off” _builder_version=”4.16″ _dynamic_attributes=”content” _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_text_align=”left” header_text_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0.65)” header_font_size=”20px” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||50px|||” custom_padding=”48px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9jYXRlZ29yaWVzIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiUmVsYXRlZCBjYXRlZ29yaWVzOiAgIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJsaW5rX3RvX3Rlcm1fcGFnZSI6Im9uIiwic2VwYXJhdG9yIjoiIHwgIiwiY2F0ZWdvcnlfdHlwZSI6ImNhdGVnb3J5In19@[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]

                                                                            2. Blog: Unhoused: Dangers of the Cold 

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                                                                              This article focuses on the realities of individuals who are unhoused, while facing extreme Alberta winters. The purpose is to understand the extent of this health crisis, create conversation, and facilitate system change for our unhoused neighbours.

                                                                              By Mackenzie Dachuk, Practicum Student

                                                                               

                                                                              Extreme cold temperatures in Canada are often expected and unavoidable, and people experiencing houselessness face greater risks for their health and safety. Blizzards, ice storms, high winds, and blowing snow can develop quickly, and threaten life and property (Alberta, n.d.). Alberta experiences cold and extreme cold temperatures during the winter, when temperatures can reach as low as minus 40 degrees Celsius and can remain consistently below minus 10 degrees Celsius (Alberta, n.d.). When temperatures reach this low, it becomes extremely life threatening for vulnerable populations and those experiencing houselessness as they may experience frost bite, hypothermia, shock, or fire hazards.  

                                                                              The relationship between houselessness and health outcomes is evident within our society, and with the addition of cold and extreme cold temperatures during the winter, it makes matters worse. The houseless population experiences numerous physical health problems, such as infectious diseases, chronic diseases, injuries, exposure, nutritional deficiencies, and foot and skin issues (Public Health Ontario, 2019).  

                                                                              Homeward Trust shows there were more than 2800 people experiencing homelessness in Edmonton, with over 700 living outdoors and nearly 500 living in shelters (Homeward Trust, 2023). People experiencing homelessness in Edmonton are at a much greater risk of different physical and mental health concerns and are having a disproportionately large impact on the health care system (Swenserude, 2023). In a community and public services committee meeting, lead medical officer Dr. Chris Sikora discusses the solution to the overburdened health care system as enhancing the supportive housing environments for the houseless. (2023)  

                                                                              “Some individuals might be at risk for homeless but not yet homeless, we need to keep them housed” (Sikora, 2023) 

                                                                              Individuals experiencing houselessness are disproportionately affected by extreme weather conditions. There has been a drastic increase in the number of houseless individuals who had to undergo amputations due to extreme cold, resulting from frost bite (Counterfire, 2023). For the working houseless, this becomes an even bigger struggle. Many of these individuals who have undergone amputations are often discharged back to houselessness where healing and getting around are even more challenging, and many can no longer work (Huncar, 2022). Alberta Health Services has said they do not track amputations from frostbite, deaths, or causes of deaths among houseless individuals living in Edmonton and had no further information to provide (Huncar, 2022). Injuries and amputations due to frostbite have been on the rise, yet it is concerning that deaths due to hypothermia and frost bite amputations remain unrecorded. Our houseless community members deserve to have these injuries and deaths recorded so that the government, health care services, and the larger community can better understand the scope of the problem, and can get a clear picture of peoples lived experience (Huncar, 2022).  

                                                                              When individuals experiencing houselessness work to avoid frostbite injuries, they put themselves at further risk by lighting fires within their encampment or dumpsters to stay warm and dry. Tent fires are an increasingly common occurrence, especially in cities with a large houseless population (Huang et al., 2021). Individuals experiencing houselessness are creative and resourceful in trying to find efforts to keep warm, however these resources are still extremely dangerous to the unhoused without proper shelter or tools. Houseless individuals who are dwelling in these tents have specific risk factors that predispose them to fire injury, such as makeshift kitchens within a confined and flammable tent (Huang et al., 2021). Burn injuries and deaths due to tent fires is a public health crisis with consequences for the health and safety of our houseless population and those around them (Huang et al., 2021). Further, losing one’s tent which is that person’s home has devastating effects.  

                                                                              The City of Edmonton has developed the “Supporting Vulnerable People During Extreme Weather Conditions” policy, which has been put in place to ensure Edmonton’s commitment to reducing the health impacts of extreme weather conditions on vulnerable people. “The City of Edmonton and Homeward Trust work collaboratively to facilitate an emergency response during extreme heat and cold temperatures and peak shelter occupancy to ensure community members have a safe place to be” (Homeward Trust, 2022). With roughly 2700 Edmontonians experiencing houselessness, the Edmonton Coalition for Housing and Houselessness says at least 1550 additional shelter spaces are needed. Homeward Trust provides information on available shelter spaces that include 24/7 shelters, day services, and the Boyle Street Community Services Winter Warming Bus which operates throughout the winter regardless of temperatures (2022). For Alberta, the Extreme Cold Warning is issued when temperatures or windchill are expected to reach minus 40 degrees Celsius, whereas in the City of Toronto, warming centers are activated when an Extreme Cold Weather Alert has been issued of minus 15 degrees Celsius or colder temperatures, or a wind chill of minus 15 degrees Celsius or colder (City of Toronto, n.d.).  

                                                                               Many environmental and health organizations provide safety tips and precautions to the public when our communities face extreme cold weather. These preparation and safety tips include winterizing your home, inspecting your heating systems, and preparing your vehicle before winter arrives (National Center for Environmental Health, 2022). Other preparation and safety tips include minimizing travel, staying indoors during cold spells, wearing warm clothing, and staying dry and out of the wind (National Weather Service, n.d.). These safety tips and precautions are very privileged in that they are directed at individuals who have the supplies, means and shelter to remain comfortable throughout the winter months. For our houseless community members, these safety tips and precautions do not account for the barriers in accessing proper gear and clothing to facing the cold and extreme cold.  

                                                                              Individuals experiencing houselessness often resort to these warming centers and fires to keep warm, however, a lack of appropriate weather wear and accessibility to this gear is a barrier for our houseless community members. When individuals have the proper clothing to withstand cold temperatures this can help, but wet and damp clothing is another factor that must be taken into consideration. Though the human body can regulate temperature change, “…the most dangerous and rapid heat loss occurs when clothing is wet, wind is high, surfaces are cold, or when body is immersed in cold water” (UFCW, n.d.). 

                                                                              Edmonton’s Supporting Vulnerable People During Extreme Weather Conditions policy is only put into effect during cases of extreme weather, which they define as “…hazardous weather or environmental event that poses a significant threat to public safety and property.” Why does policy only intervene and support individuals who are houseless when the weather is deemed cold enough by people who do not know what it is like to be experiencing houselessness during winter conditions. Housing and support during any type of weather conditions is a human right for all community members including those experiencing houselessness. 

                                                                              Understanding the extent of houselessness and the experiences of those who are houseless enables communities and services to develop supports to reduce it (Public Health Ontario, 2019). Houseless individuals living in cold and extreme cold conditions has become a health crisis with consequences for the health and safety of our houseless population and those around them. (Huang et al., 2021). There needs to be a push for accessible and supportive housing, including access to appropriate clothing to withstand the harsh winter conditions. As for the community, we must do better for our vulnerable neighbors and houseless community members.  

                                                                               

                                                                              Mackenzie Dachuk is currently in her third year of the Bachelor of Social Work program at MacEwan University and is completing her practicum with the Edmonton Social Planning Council. She has a passion for helping others and empowering them in achieving their goals. Mackenzie plays hockey for the MacEwan women’s team and enjoys sports, travel, and connecting with the community. 

                                                                               

                                                                              References 

                                                                              Alberta.ca. (n.d.) Blizzards, freezing rain, ice storms and extreme cold. Retrieved from https://www.alberta.ca/blizzards-freezing-rain-ice-storms-and-extreme-cold.aspx  

                                                                              Government of Canda. (n.d.). Criteria for public weather alerts. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/types-weather-forecasts-use/public/criteria-alerts.html 

                                                                              City of Toronto. (n.d.) Warming Centers. Retrieved from https://www.toronto.ca/community-people/housing-shelter/homeless-help/warming-centres-2/#:~:text=The%20City’s%20Warming%20Centres%20are,20%C2%B0%20C%20or%20colder 

                                                                              City of Toronto. (n.d.) Extreme Cold Weather. Retrieved from https://www.toronto.ca/community-people/health-wellness-care/health-programs-advice/extreme-cold-weather/ 

                                                                              Clarke, J., (2023, January 19). Winter cold is social murder for the homeless. Counterfire. Retrieved from https://www.counterfire.org/article/winter-cold-is-social-murder-for-the-homeless/  

                                                                              Homeward Trust Edmonton. (2023, February 6). Data, analytics and reporting. Retrieved from https://homewardtrust.ca/data-analytics-reporting/  

                                                                              Homeward Trust Edmonton. (2023, February 7). Sector emergency response. Retrieved from https://homewardtrust.ca/sector-emergency-response/ 

                                                                              Huncar, A. (2022, November 24). Front-line workers seeing more amputations Edmonton homeless community. CBC News. Retrieved from https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/homeless-edmonton-amputations-1.6662721    

                                                                              Huang, S., Choi, K. J., Pham, C. H., Collier, Z. J., Dang, J. M., Kiwanuka, H., Sheckter, C. C., Yenikomshian, H. A., & Gillenwater, J. (2021). Homeless tent fires: A descriptive analysis of tent fires in the homeless population. Journal of Burn Care & Research, 42(5), 886-893. https://doi-org.ezproxy.macewan.ca/10.1093/jbcr/irab095  

                                                                              National Center for Environmental Health. (2022). Stay safe and healthy in winter. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/features/winterweather/index.html 

                                                                              National Weather Service (n.d.) Extreme Cold Safety Tips. Retrieved from https://www.weather.gov/bgm/outreachExtremeColdSafety 

                                                                              Public Health Ontario. (2019). Homelessness and health outcomes: What are the associations? Retrieved from https://www.publichealthontario.ca/-/media/documents/E/2019/eb-homelessness-health.pdf 

                                                                              Sikora, C. Effects of homelessness on the healthcare ecosystem. (2023, February 7). City of Edmonton Community and Public Services Committee. Retrieved from https://pub-edmonton.escribemeetings.com/Players/ISIStandAlonePlayer.aspx?Id=f0e0c375-a3fd-4f3c-a92f-1d63fc85517d 

                                                                              Swensrude, S. (2023, February 7). Homeless in Edmonton face health challenges, but stable housing can help. Global News. Retrieved from https://globalnews.ca/news/9467677/edmonton-homeless-health-challenges-report/ 

                                                                              United Food and Commerical Workers Union (UFCW). (n.d.). Health and Safety. Retrieved from https://www.ufcw.ca/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=42&Itemid=123&lang=en#:~:text=The%20most%20dangerous%20and%20rapid,conditions%20or%20with%20dry%20clothing 

                                                                               

                                                                               

                                                                                                                                                      [/et_pb_text][dmpro_button_grid _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/dmpro_button_grid][dmpro_image_hotspot _builder_version=”4.17.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/dmpro_image_hotspot][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false” border_color_left=”#a6c942″ global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_testimonial author=”Posted by:” job_title=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9hdXRob3IiLCJzZXR0aW5ncyI6eyJiZWZvcmUiOiIiLCJhZnRlciI6IiIsIm5hbWVfZm9ybWF0IjoiZGlzcGxheV9uYW1lIiwibGluayI6Im9uIiwibGlua19kZXN0aW5hdGlvbiI6ImF1dGhvcl93ZWJzaXRlIn19@” portrait_url=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9hdXRob3JfcHJvZmlsZV9waWN0dXJlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnt9fQ==@” quote_icon=”off” portrait_width=”125px” portrait_height=”125px” disabled_on=”on|off|off” _builder_version=”4.16″ _dynamic_attributes=”job_title,portrait_url” _module_preset=”default” body_text_color=”#000000″ author_font=”||||||||” author_text_align=”center” author_text_color=”#008ac1″ position_font=”||||||||” position_text_color=”#000000″ company_text_color=”#000000″ background_color=”#ffffff” text_orientation=”center” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”0px|0px|4px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”32px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][/et_pb_testimonial][et_pb_text disabled_on=”on|off|off” _builder_version=”4.16″ _dynamic_attributes=”content” _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_text_align=”left” header_text_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0.65)” header_font_size=”20px” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||50px|||” custom_padding=”48px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9jYXRlZ29yaWVzIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiUmVsYXRlZCBjYXRlZ29yaWVzOiAgIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJsaW5rX3RvX3Rlcm1fcGFnZSI6Im9uIiwic2VwYXJhdG9yIjoiIHwgIiwiY2F0ZWdvcnlfdHlwZSI6ImNhdGVnb3J5In19@[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]

                                                                                                                                                    1. CM: The Ongoing Grieving Process: Perspectives of Participants of the Life After Suicide Loss Program

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                                                                                                                                                      *Trigger Warning: Please be advised that some of the content in this post may be upsetting or triggering Content includes topics of: Addiction, substance abuse, suicide and trauma

                                                                                                                                                       

                                                                                                                                                      Losing a loved one to suicide is difficult but having the support of others can be a source of strength. The Canadian Mental Health Association provides services for those who need suicide bereavement support. Services are provided at no cost and are available to adults who have lost someone they know to suicide. The program covers 3 modules over 12 weeks, is group focused and is offered on a virtual platform. To learn more about the program click here.   

                                                                                                                                                      Two participants of the program have courageously shared their experiences with loss, grief and mental wellness. They both wanted readers to know if you have experienced suicide loss, you are not alone. 

                                                                                                                                                      Tyla Tong 

                                                                                                                                                      Our family lost  Shahean Aboud to suicide on 18 March 2021. He was a charismatic, full of life and laughter kind of guy who loved dogs and his family. He worked in the oil field…. long hours…. making way too much money and in the end succumbed to his addictions. First cocaine and meth and then onto more serious drugs where he then died by taking his own life. After spending over a decade with him I had to come to the realization that the man I married was no longer the same man that stood before me plagued with drugs and addiction. 

                                                                                                                                                      We were together for 15 years and suffered the loss of our beloved pet in 2014. I don’t think that he had the coping skills to deal with grief because grief isn’t something we talked about in our marriage or with our families. It just didn’t come up. He fell to drugs as a coping mechanism and even more so when things started to unravel from the addiction.  

                                                                                                                                                      I happened to find this program [Life After Suicide Loss] one evening. I was watching a TV show called a Million Little Things and they made reference to the Canadian Mental Health Association. At that moment I grabbed my phone and started to research; I wonder if there’s something here that could provide some level of support as I went through the grieving process. I had never even heard of the Canadian Mental Health Association [CMHA]. Much like Shahean I had never really struggled in that facet, so I never had a need to research it. Luckily, I found the Life After Suicide Loss and Bereavement group. It took an immense amount of courage to reach out, but I did. I sent an e-mail, and I thought maybe someone would respond, maybe they won’t, but at this point, I knew I was struggling with grief and loss and needed some support.  

                                                                                                                                                      They responded to me within a day, and they provided me with pamphlets, a book about suicide, and commonly asked questions surrounding suicide. The CMHA member who replied back to me was kind and compassionate and provided more avenues of support than I ever could have imagined.   

                                                                                                                                                      I started the online Grief and Bereavement group with an interview by one of the facilitators to make sure that I was a good fit. It’s really not about them judging you, it’s about making sure you understand what the program has to offer and then deciding if it’s right for you or not. I completed the interview which took about an hour and included one other person who was also considering joining the group. At the end of the call those people at that moment became my people, they were so understanding, compassionate, and empathetic. In my very first session, I showed up and introduced myself and you could tell that everyone was a bit uncomfortable, you’re the most vulnerable, you are going to be in a chat room full of strangers. The program is so well laid out and so well-articulated that within probably 20 minutes I was convinced this was the place where my healing journey would begin. It’s a guideline that you don’t talk about the specifics of how someone passed away. It’s to ensure that triggers are avoided but the discussions are around feeling, emotions, and coping strategies for moving back into life after suicide.   

                                                                                                                                                      CMHA lays the program out in three different modules so you can pick and choose what you want to learn about or what you’re ready to learn about. Some of it you’re not ready to hear and they always preface the discussion with ‘this is what we’re talking about if this is hard for you don’t have to. Beliefs and Values were where my group started, and we eased into heavier topics from there. You don’t have to say anything, just be present and open to healing.  

                                                                                                                                                      It’s a very well put together program, very well thought out and articulated in the delivery. They have a second phase of the program once you complete your three modules; you have the option of a virtual drop in every second Thursday. Regardless of if you are planning on attending or not, if you’re on the list they’ll send you the link so you can choose to just drop in. Some people aren’t there yet, and I am one of those individuals. What the program taught me though was that it’s okay to progress or recess at your own rate. Grief is not linear, and it is not easy moving through the emotions. 

                                                                                                                                                      Some people need to check in and sit with their grief regularly and they still need to be acknowledged for where they’re at in their journey. I think that’s a really important piece because CMHA is acknowledging that you’re not better in three months but are still there to support you and provide you options for moving through the process.  

                                                                                                                                                      The program is concrete and consistent, which is what I needed when everything else in my life had changed forever. I know for me consistency came on Wednesday nights where I could get through the whole week and not fall apart knowing there was space for me on Wednesday nights to meet with my group and deal with my grief. You know at the end of the meeting you’re going to hang up the phone and you’re going to feel pretty terrible because regardless of how kind the people are, you just ripped a band-aid off a wound that is so incredibly deep.  

                                                                                                                                                      The CMHA have thought of everything. You give them an emergency contact before you can participate. They tell you if you have to leave the group for more than 10 minutes, they will call to personally check in and make sure that you are okay. The facilitators really work to provide a safe space for everyone.  

                                                                                                                                                      The Grief and Bereavement program doesn’t just give you tools but it provides you with this platform to continue on in your life. I feel like this program really taught us how to implement techniques, like how to really sit down and know if you’re in a good space, to know what it feels like to feel safe.  I never would have imagined that these random strangers would be people that to this day, a year and a half later, I still call when I feel like my grief is something I cannot handle alone. The program helps you establish relationships with people who are going through the very same things as you.  

                                                                                                                                                      The connections are truly what drives this program. For me, it was almost like a little bit of guilt every week. I didn’t want to miss a session because I knew ultimately it would help me heal but on the other hand, I didn’t want to do it at all, you’re never fully prepared for the emotions that come up.  

                                                                                                                                                      I thought losing my partner to drugs and addiction, the collapse of our marriage, and the loss of my lifelong best friend was the worst possible thing that could have happened until that day when I received the call. I didn’t realize that suicide was so different than other types of loss until weeks later when I came out of the haze of the crisis. The dynamic changes between your family and your friends, how people look at you, how they talk to you, what people say to you, the shame and the guilt and the question of “could I have done more” is always lingering.  

                                                                                                                                                      We don’t talk about grief; we don’t read articles about it, it’s easier to pretend it doesn’t happen.  But the truth is we’re all going to have to go through it. I still struggle with grief and the loss of the life I thought I was going to have. I struggle with the idea of addiction and all that surrounds it. Everything you know fundamentally and have grown your life on is completely gone.  

                                                                                                                                                      One message I would like to leave people with is know that there’s hope. Losing a loved one to suicide is one of life’s most painful experiences, but you’re not alone. There are people that can connect and understand you in this space that you’re in and help you move through the complexity of grief. 

                                                                                                                                                      Lorella Balombem 

                                                                                                                                                      Graeme Eigner was lost to suicide on December 25, 2019. Graeme was a welder, the kindest, most caring person who would do anything for anyone. He had a potty mouth and was often misunderstood by people.   

                                                                                                                                                      Graeme and I were together for 10 years. We got engaged, bought a house together and planned a destination wedding. He passed away five months before the wedding day. I made a promise to myself and him that I’m always going to talk about mental health and suicide. Not a lot of people do because of the stigma. They don’t talk about mental health and the effects it has and how it can ultimately end someone’s life. I lost Graeme to suicide on Christmas Day of 2019. It happened in our home, and I found him. I have had to deal with my own trauma plus my grief, because it was compounded. I don’t even know if there’s a word to describe the feeling. 

                                                                                                                                                      Two weeks after I lost Graeme, I was still in my fog of grief. Heavy, heavy grief. I knew that I needed some help. I knew that if I didn’t seek help for myself in the early stages that I possibly wouldn’t be here. I decided to reach out to support through work at Alberta Health Services (AHS).  

                                                                                                                                                      They sent me to a counselor, however when I met with her, I realized that I only had ten sessions, then it ends.  So, I knew that wouldn’t work for me. Ten sessions would never ever be able to help me with what I needed, but I went anyways. Two sessions in the counselor was very honest and told me that the compounded trauma and grief that I was dealing with, was beyond her scope. So, she recommended I seek other help. 

                                                                                                                                                      First off, it’s extremely expensive even with my coverage, it was still $150 per session. She sent me to Pilgrims Hospice Society, a nonprofit organization that deals with family grief in all different forms, for adults, kids, and the whole family. So, I went to Pilgrims Hospice, and I had my sessions with them. Their psychologists told me coming through them is great, but they believed that I would benefit way more from a group setting. She recommended me to Peris [facilitator with Life After Suicide Loss Program], sent Peris an e-mail and that’s how I became connected with the Canadian Mental Health Association.  

                                                                                                                                                      I went through the program with my own grief in the group setting and then after I finished that I knew within myself that I needed more. I couldn’t do short term it was not going to work for me, I knew I was going to derail at any minute, at any time. I needed that constant support. I started to go to the weekly sessions, at first, they were in person and then COVID hit. It was like, OK now what?  

                                                                                                                                                      The weekly program ended up being virtual after COVID started. It was so helpful because it gave me a platform to talk about what happened during the week and listen to other people. That was probably the most effective for me, just listening and learning how other people were dealing with their grief.  

                                                                                                                                                      I met people that were there 14 years after they lost their loved one. I think realizing that that it would be a never-ending struggle was helpful, but also it was sad. There are people that have good days, I have good days, I have good weeks and then it hits you again. So having that platform every week to listen, share or support was tremendous.  

                                                                                                                                                      I know what it is that CMHA is doing differently. They have such a structured program that it helped with my grieving steps, and it helped me to understand what to expect. Grieving came at any time with different emotions, it’s just all over the place. Knowing what to expect was so helpful. 

                                                                                                                                                      I went back to work sooner than I thought I would because I knew that I had that meeting for support. As much as my colleagues, my boss and everybody was supportive, people don’t know. They didn’t know what to say or how to say it. Or people just don’t talk about it. It was like you have to keep this secret all week about how you were feeling and then you get into this weekly session, that was your release.  

                                                                                                                                                      During our weekly session we all were struggling, we all had that weekly support and there wasn’t enough time for everybody to share within an hour how they were feeling. Knowing that there’s other people suffering, only someone that has been through it can understand that. Even though I’m struggling, someone else is too. 

                                                                                                                                                      I work shift work and I try very hard to attend my biweekly support groups because there were a few months that I stayed away, and I thought that’s OK I got this, I’m doing good. It feels good, but then something happens, and you realize you really need someone that understands. 

                                                                                                                                                      I can’t talk to my mom about it because my mom doesn’t understand. She and other people think and say you should get over it. It’s been almost three years and life has to go on. So, there’s that huge barrier. You can’t speak to just anyone and they will understand. That is why the support group after suicide loss is so extremely important.   

                                                                                                                                                      Even though I work with AHS, when I look for mental health support, I have a son that suffers with mental health challenges also, and when I look for support for him it is incredibly hard to access. The world suffers so much with mental health illnesses, resources are hard to find and they’re not affordable. Why? We have treatments for cancer, for diabetes and for hypertension. Yet, the mind is overlooked.  

                                                                                                                                                      We have to recognize mental health illnesses more. We must destigmatize it. We have to talk to our kids and bring support into schools because that’s where it starts. This is 2022 we have nurses going into schools to take care of kids, why can’t we have the same sort of support for mental wellness? When I hear Graeme’s family and his parents talk about the struggles he faced as a kid and how overlooked that was, it didn’t appear overnight.  We notice mental health challenges, but we brush them off and we tell our kids to suck it up. Society makes things difficult, anytime a man talks about his feelings he’s viewed as weak. He’s not allowed to feel. Graeme was one of those men. He was so ashamed of how he was feeling.  

                                                                                                                                                      Society as a whole needs to encourage young boys and men to talk about their feelings. Society needs to understand that mental health challenges are just like every other illness. It needs attention, it needs medication, and it needs rest. 

                                                                                                                                                       

                                                                                                                                                      Note: This is an excerpt from our December 2022 Community Matters, you can read the full publication here

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                                                                                                                                                      If you or someone you know needs supports:  

                                                                                                                                                      Suicide Support Resources: https://edmonton.cmha.ca/brochure/suicide-bereavement-resources/ 

                                                                                                                                                      Visit the Canadian Mental Health Association Website for additional resources 

                                                                                                                                                       

                                                                                                                                                      If you or someone you know are in immediate danger, call 9-11.  

                                                                                                                                                      If you or someone you know is in distress: 

                                                                                                                                                      • Call the Distress Line at 780-482-HELP (4357) 
                                                                                                                                                      • AHS Mental Health Help Line 1-877-303-2642 
                                                                                                                                                      • Talk Suicide Canada 1-833-456-4566 
                                                                                                                                                      • Kids Help Phone-1-800-668-6868 
                                                                                                                                                      • Indigenous Hope Line 1-855-242-3310 
                                                                                                                                                      • National Trans Help Line 1-877-330-6366 
                                                                                                                                                      • 211 Alberta: find programs and services in your community. 

                                                                                                                                                      For more information on programs and resources about suicide: 

                                                                                                                                                      Alberta Health Services Suicide Prevention 

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                                                                                                                                                      1. Blog: From Trauma to Healing: The Impact of Childhood Abuse and Neglect on Adult Mental Health

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                                                                                                                                                        Childhood trauma not only affects the present lives of children, but it can affect their future as adults. Their mental health can be impacted for the long term. However, a good support system can have powerful positive effects on their lives, creating resilience

                                                                                                                                                        By Alejandra Hasbun, Practicum Student

                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                        Childhood is the most essential time for development. A child who experiences neglect, too much stress, and trauma, can have serious negative consequences on that child’s life and future. A traumatic childhood can critically affect adult life.  

                                                                                                                                                        Children are learning how to regulate emotions, problem-solve, and acquire basic skills. Further science has shown us how trauma and stress impact children’s developing brains, affecting how they react to day-to-day situations. (1) If natural processes of child development are interrupted, they can have lasting outcomes as an adult. A child that is never spoken to will not acquire a language (2); a child that is never loved will struggle to love. The main caregivers are usually the child’s role models, and whatever they do or not do impacts what the child learns about life and their behaviour. (3) A supportive adult figure, whether caregiver or not, in a child’s life can help them excel and overcome hardship through the development of resilience.  

                                                                                                                                                        How Childhood Trauma affects adults? 

                                                                                                                                                        In Canada, 1 in 3 people has experienced traumatic childhood experiences. (4) How does this affect later life? Adults with a past of childhood trauma can have heightened rates of anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, PTSD, difficulty regulating emotions, substance use, experience being unhoused, and live in poverty or with low income. (5) Early chronic life stress, which can be caused by abuse or trauma, can cause the body to not be able to regulate stress properly. (6) Stress management is important because stress affects almost every aspect of a person’s life. Chronic or unhealthy stress can cause negative health impacts including heightened rates of mental unwellness, heightened blood pressure, heart disease, substance use and more. Chronic or unhealthy stress can impact people emotionally and socially including difficulty maintaining relationships, or adhering to social norms (7)  

                                                                                                                                                        The lasting effects of trauma can also be seen through generational and historical trauma, defined as transmitting the impact of traumatic events to younger generations.  Older generations not being able to receive the help they needed, can transfer negative emotions to the younger generation, unintentionally contributing to a continuation of a trauma cycle, or cannot help the new generation deal with traumas they are experiencing. (8) Usually, this trauma is caused by recurring systemic oppressions, colonization and violence. (9) It can be hard for those that experienced generational/historical trauma to search for the help needed, because of, discrimination, cultural barriers, or unavailability.  

                                                                                                                                                        Resiliency 

                                                                                                                                                        A traumatic childhood does not have to equal a bad adulthood. Children that have at least one supportive figure in their life are more likely to have reduced stress and clear goals for their future. Even if that figure is not a parent, the support can highly affect the child’s life positively. (10) Children that have experienced abuse and trauma need a healthy adult role model, someone that is by their side, does not give up on them, and is someone they can trust, for this marks a significant difference in their lives helping them build relationships and confidence.  Early intervention can foster resilience in children, which is defined as the capacity to utilize holistic resources to maintain one’s well-being during challenging times. Resilient children can manage external stressors positively and develop a problem-solving mind. (11) 

                                                                                                                                                        What can be done? 

                                                                                                                                                        Awareness of the impact of childhood trauma on adult mental health is the first step as every person can start to make a difference in the lives of future generations. You can help support organizations that help families grow together. You can help impact a person’s life, consider volunteering at these organizations: Boys and Girls Club, Bent Arrow, Africa Centre, and Terra Centre. 

                                                                                                                                                        Here are three agencies in Edmonton, Alberta that can help children experiencing trauma or learn more about how to take action: Little Warriors, Zebra Centre, and Metis Child & Family Services 

                                                                                                                                                        If you suspect a child is experiencing abuse or neglect, please call the crisis line at 2-1-1.  

                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                        Alejandra Hasbun (she/her), an international student from El Salvador, possesses a strong interest in the field of human behavior and mental health advocacy. In her spare time, her passion lies in travelling and exploring the world, immersing herself in new cultures, and gaining a different understanding of the world through meeting new people. 

                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                        REFERNCES:  

                                                                                                                                                        1- Perry B. (2005), Maltreatment and the Developing Child: Early Childhood Experience Affects Child and Culture. https://www.lfcc.on.ca/mccain/perry1.html 

                                                                                                                                                        2-  Linguistic Society of America, FAQ: Language Acquisition |. (n.d.). https://www.linguisticsociety.org/resource/faq-how-do-we-learn-language 

                                                                                                                                                        3- CDC (2021, September 23), Child Development Basics |.. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/facts.html 

                                                                                                                                                        4- McGill University. (2023). Too many Canadian children and youth are impacted by trauma. Canadian Consortium on Child and Youth Trauma. https://www.traumaconsortium.com/en/ 

                                                                                                                                                        5- ISTSS – Childhood Trauma. (n.d.). https://istss.org/public-resources/trauma-basics/what-is-childhood-trauma/effects-of-childhood-trauma 

                                                                                                                                                        6- Carpenter, L. L., Shattuck, T. T., Tyrka, A. R., Geracioti, T. D., & Price, L. H. (2010). Effect of childhood physical abuse on cortisol stress response. Psychopharmacology, 214(1), 367–375. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-010-2007-4 

                                                                                                                                                        7- Mayo Clinic Staff. (2021, July 8). Chronic stress puts your health at risk. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/stress/art-20046037?reDate=31012023 

                                                                                                                                                        8- Ryder, G. (2022, April 15). How Intergenerational Trauma Impacts Families. Psych Central. https://psychcentral.com/lib/how-intergenerational-trauma-impacts-families 

                                                                                                                                                        9- Resource Guide to Trauma-Informed Human Services. (n.d.). The Administration for Children and Families. https://www.acf.hhs.gov/trauma-toolkit 

                                                                                                                                                        10- Harvard University. (2021, April 23). Three Early Childhood Development Principles to Improve Child Outcomes. Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University. https://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/three-early-childhood-development-principles-improve-child-family-outcomes/ 

                                                                                                                                                        11-  Ungar, M. (2021, July 19). U is for Michael Ungar: Developing Resilience In Children. The Positive Encourager. https://www.thepositiveencourager.global/michael-ungar-talks-about-developing-resilience-in-children-video/ 

                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                         

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